Notes:
This Russian 122mm self-propelled howitzer was first seen in a parade in
Poland in 1974, and for that reason, is often called the M1974 in the West.
The Russian designation is SO-122 or SAU-122, but it more commonly known
to its crews as the Gvozdika (Carnation).
It was sold far and wide, and current and former users number nearly 40,
from Russia herself to Vietnam (though some users have as little as one
example). The 2S1 has seen combat
in Chechnya, by Iraqi forces in the Gulf War and the 2003 invasion as well as
new-purchase examples for the New Iraqi Army, by the Serbians in the Yugoslavian
Civil War and the Kosovo intervention, in the 2008 South Ossentia War, by the
Libyans (on both sides) in the Libyan Revolution, and currently in the Syrian
Civil War (or free-for-all, as it seems to be).
The 2S1 is the
modified hull of an MT-LB (the ACRV), lengthened by one roadwheel, topped with a
large, low turret armed with a modification of the 122mm D-30 howitzer.
In this role, the gun is useful for direct as well as indirect fire,
though lack of armor in the chassis limits it’s survivability as a direct-fire
vehicle. An autoloader is installed, and this limits the necessary crew to four,
though two other troops can fit inside if they stay out of the way.
8 rounds are carried on the left and right of the sidewalls; these are
normally unusual rounds (such as HEAT) or rounds longer than normal length. The
remaining 24 are carried in the ready position; the loader must still load the
rounds manually into the breech, but there is a breech elevator and a power
rammer and flicker. For longer bombardments or ammo replenishment, the 2S1 if
fed through a rear hull door and put into their places by the gunner and loader.
Computers and radios are limited and an FDC is required for proper operation of
the 2S1, though the 2S1 does have an indirect fire computer and a very basic
mapping module with equally basic inertial navigation.
The driver and the gunner have night vision equipment, and the commander
has a primitive CITS, enabling the 2S1 to be used as a tank destroyer (though it
does not normally carry the ammunition mix to function as a tank destroyer for
long; normally, only two special rounds were carried, and these were normally
CLGPs). As issued, there is no
commander’s machinegun, though examples in South Ossetia often have one mounted
on a pintle. The D-30, as mounted on the 2S1, has a large double baffle muzzle
brake and a fume extractor. The gun has a depression limit of -3 degrees and an
elevation limit of +70 degrees.
As a member of
the ACRV family, it is mechanically almost identical to the ACRV and has the
same engine and manual transmission.
The engine is the YaMZ-238N turbocharged diesel with an output of 240
horsepower. (This was replaced in
the early 1990s with an upgraded version of the same engine, but developing 300
horsepower.) The suspension can be raised and lowered, to hide in hull-down
positions, clear intervening terrain, or lock the suspension down to allow it to
be air-delivered. The 2S1 can be made amphibious with very little preparation
(less than 2 minutes). It travel
over deep snow, mud, beach sand, swamps, etc, using wide 670mm tracks which can
be fitted; the normal ones are 400mm wide. During these forays into rough
terrain, only 30 rounds for the main gun are normally carried.
24 rounds are in ready racks; 16 more are carried on the sides of the
turret basket. Empty cartridge cases are ejected outside of the turret.
An unusual feature of the 2S1 is it’s suspension height; designed for
airdropping, it’s suspension can be lowered to the point that all roadwheels,
return bogie, and sprocket are all on the ground.
There is a
driver’s hatch on the front deck, and commander and loader’s hatches on the
turret deck. There is a large door in the rear of the hull to resupply the
vehicle with ammunition; this has a single firing port at the center, carried
over from the ACRV. The crew has an NBC Overpressure system to protect them. A
long stowage box is mounted on the left side of the turret.
The Polish use
an updated version of the 2S1 designated the 2S1T Gozdzik; this has a TOPAZ
digital fire control system, including a GPS receiver with inertial navigation
backup, full mapping computer, an indirect fire computer, and a small laptop to
allow the Gozdzik to essentially act as its own FDC, taking instructions
directly from FIST teams and even units in the field (if the person calling for
fire has the necessary skill). The Gozdzik has the newest digital military
radios, including two long range radios that are data-capable. It also has the
upgraded engine.
Vehicle |
Price |
Fuel Type |
Load |
Veh Wt |
Crew |
Mnt |
Night Vision |
Radiological |
2S1 Gvozdika |
$434,162 |
D, A |
600 kg |
15.7 tons |
4+2 |
13 |
Passive IR (D,
G, C), Image Intensification (G) |
Shielded |
2S1 Gvozdika
(Engine Upgrade) |
$459,396 |
D, A |
700 kg |
15.7 tons |
4+2 |
13 |
Passive IR (D,
G, C), Image Intensification (G) |
Shielded |
2S1T Gozdzik |
$917,953 |
D, A |
540 kg |
16.35 tons |
4+2 |
15 |
Passive IR (D,
G, C), Image Intensification (G), Thermal Imaging (C) |
Shielded |
Vehicle |
Tr
Mov |
Com Mov |
Fuel Cap |
Fuel Cons |
Config |
Susp |
Armor |
2S1 Gvozdika |
115/81 |
32/22/3 |
550 |
83 |
Trtd |
T4 |
TF6
TS4 TR3
HF8 HS3
HR2 |
2S1 Gvozdika
(Engine Upgrade) |
137/96 |
38/27/4 |
550 |
111 |
Trtd |
T4 |
TF6
TS4 TR3
HF8 HS3
HR2 |
2S1T Gozdzik |
133/93 |
37/26/4 |
550 |
111 |
Trtd |
T4 |
TF8
TS6 TR4
HF10 HS5
HR2 |
Vehicle |
Fire Control |
Stabilization |
Armament |
Ammunition |
2S1 Gvozdika |
+1 |
Basic |
122mm L/40 2A31
Howitzer |
40x122mm |
2S1T Gozdzik |
+2 |
Fair |
122mm L/40 2A31
Howitzer |
40x122mm |
Notes:
The 2S3, also known as the SO-122 and CO-122, was introduced at about the
same time as the 2S1, first appearing to the West in 1973, and thus often known
to NATO as the M1973. However, it
had been in development since 1967 and 1971 in service. The 2S3 can be mistaken
at first glance for the American M-109, though the gun is longer than a stock
M-109; according to some sources, the 2S3 was developed in response to the
M-109. Some 33 countries use the
2S3 – including seven at the OPFOR at the US National Training Center.
They have taken part in combat in Afghanistan, the Tajikistani Civil War,
both Chechen Wars, the South Ossetia intervention, the Libyan Civil War, and the
Syrian Civil War. The 2S3 was produced until 1993.
The 2S3 is in use by some 20 countries; the Russians still use the latest
versions, but still have about 1600 earlier versions in storage.
The Russian Naval Infantry is the single largest user of the 2S3 series.
The variants in use by Russia include the 2S3M, 2S3M1 and 2S3M2,
depending upon the level of the unit in question. Though the 2S3 is being
replaced by the 2S19, it does not appear that the Russians intend to replace all
of them, especially in the face of continual upgrades. The Chinese also use a
modified form of the 2S3, the Type 83, but this is handled on the Chinese SP
Artillery web page, as it is sufficiently different.
2S3
The 2S3 is based
on the heavier chassis of the same type as used on the SA-4 Ganef SAM system,
but has six rather than seven roadwheels.
The engine is a V-59 turbocharged diesel developing 520 horsepower,
coupled to a semi-automatic transmission. The chassis have wide tracks for
optimum performance in rough terrain, though not as wide as true rough-terrain
tracks. The vehicle has six
roadwheels, with different spacing between the roadwheels than on the SA-4 Ganef
chassis.
The driver’s
compartment is at the front right, with the engine and radio equipment to his
left. To the right side of the rear is a large hatch for crew entry and exit and
ammunition resupply; this has a small vision block in it. On the left turret
deck is a manually-rotating cupola for the commander, with all-around vision
blocks and one block with a night channel; this hatch also has equipment to
allow its pintle-mounted machinegun to be aimed and fired with the hatch closed.
On the turret deck on the opposite side of the turret is a loader’s hatch
with vision blocks to the right side and forward.
The main gun is
a short-barreled howitzer with a maximum elevation +63 degrees and depression of
-4 degrees. The gun was developed
from the D-22 and is differs primarily in having a large muzzle brake, two
recuperators above the main gun, and a fume extractor.
The 2S3 has a manually-operated brace on the glacis to support the gun
during travel. The commander’s weapon is almost always a PKM which, as stated
above, can be aimed and fired (but not reloaded) with the hatch closed.
Computers and radios are limited and an FDC is required for proper operation of
the 2S3, though the 2S3 does have an indirect fire computer and a very basic
mapping module with equally basic inertial navigation.
ROF is 2.6-3.5 rounds per minute maximum depending on the rounds fired;
though for a sustained bombardment 4 rounds per minute is the normal ROF.
The gun is capable of firing small-yield nuclear shells, but it is well
known, even amongst the crews, that the crew firing the round will receive
radiation and overpressure effects from the round, as well as a small amount of
thermal pulse. (The vehicle is protected from EMP.) The gunsight is a
combination of a periscopic indirect fire sight and a telescopic direct fire
sight.
The 2S3 has
self-entrenching equipment which allows the 2S3 to dig itself a hull-down
fighting position in soil in 20-40 minutes, depending on how hard-packed the
soil is. There are large hatches on
the rear of the hull and on the right side of the turret; the door on the side
of the turret is primarily for ammo case ejection and replenishment, while the
door on the hull is both used for replenishment and for crew ingress and egress.
The crew has
hatches for the commander and loader on the turret roof and for the driver on
the front left deck in addition to the hatches already stated.
The commander’s machinegun may be aimed and fired (but not loaded) from
under armor, and the commander may tap into the vehicle’s fire control and has
the same stabilization as the vehicle itself.
Early in
development, the 2S1 was found to have an unacceptable level of gas
contamination from the gun, and the Army did not accept the new vehicle for a
year. This delayed the initial
operational deployment from 1969 to 1973.
2S3M
The 2S3M differs
primarily in the main gun, which is three calibers longer; ammunition stowage,
which is increased to 46; a new autoloader, which feeds the gun from a 12-round
autoloading drum; and the ability to use the Krasnopol CLGP.
2S3M1
The 2S3M1 is a
2S3M with full datalink capabilities and computer capabilities which allow it to
function as its own FDC. This
includes inertial navigation and a mapping computer.
They can also take directly from FIST instruction or function as a
coordinated whole through an FDC.
The 2S3M1 has radar and IR absorbent/reflective paint; this is little actual
protection, though it gives enemy gunners targeting the 2S3M1 with IR, Thermal,
FLIR, or radar-based weapon a -1 to hit.
2S3M2
This is a 2S3M1
with a modernized automatic digital fire control system, including more compact
computers and a laser rangefinder with ballistic computer for use by the main
gun and commander’s machinegun in direct fire.
The 2S3M2 can use GLONASS satellites, and feed the results to the
navigational and mapping computer.
The 2S3M2 has a new gun barrel which is L/39.
The 2S3M2 has a system similar to the US Blue Force/Red Force tracker,
along with a vehicle state computer.
2S3M2-155
Built primarily
for export, this is a 2S3M2 equipped with M-385 155mm L/39 howitzer.
It can fire all but the latest Western and Chinese 155mm rounds.
It is otherwise for game purposes like the 2S3M2.
This has been shown at some international arms shows on and off since
2000.
2S3M3
This version of
the 2S3M2 was still experimental as of 2018; the primary difference is the
installation of a version of the 2A33M which can fire most of the more powerful
rounds that the 2S19 is capable of firing.
Tests among possible customers have generally been good, but some shots
with more powerful rounds have given the breech block and barrel root cracks.
The 2S3M3 was designed primarily to keep the 2S3 relevant, particularly
among export customers.
Vehicles |
Price |
Fuel Type |
Load |
Veh Wt |
Crew |
Mnt |
Night Vision |
Radiological |
2S3 |
$538.603 |
D, A |
800 kg |
27.5 tons |
6 |
25 |
Passive IR (D,
G, C), WL/IR Searchlight (C), Image Intensification (G, C) |
Shielded |
2S3M |
$674,498 |
D, A |
713 kg |
28.78 tons |
6 |
25 |
Passive IR (D,
G, C), WL/IR Searchlight (C), Image Intensification (G, C) |
Shielded |
2S3M1 |
$1,280,548 |
D, A |
628 kg |
28.88 tons |
6 |
28 |
Passive IR (D,
G, C), WL/IR Searchlight (C), Image Intensification (G, C) |
Shielded |
2S3M2 |
$1,439,840 |
D, A |
538 kg |
29.24 tons |
6 |
21 |
Passive IR (D,
G, C), FLIR (G, C), Image Intensification (G, C) |
Shielded |
2S3M2-155 |
$1,463,067 |
D, A |
508 kg |
29.27 tons |
6 |
21 |
Passive IR (D,
G, C), FLIR (G, C), Image Intensification (G, C) |
Shielded |
2S3M3 |
$1,583,824 |
D, A |
538 kg |
29.24 tons |
6 |
21 |
Passive IR (D,
G, C), FLIR (G, C), Image Intensification (G, C) |
Shielded |
Vehicles |
Tr
Mov |
Com Mov |
Fuel Cap |
Fuel Cons |
Config |
Susp |
Armor |
2S3 |
136/95 |
38/26 |
830 |
193 |
Trtd |
T4 |
TF5
TS4 TR3
HF8 HS3
HR2 |
2S3M |
133/93 |
37/25 |
830 |
197 |
Trtd |
T4 |
TF5
TS4 TR3
HF8 HS3
HR2 |
2S3M1 |
133/93 |
37/25 |
830 |
198 |
Trtd |
T4 |
TF5
TS4 TR3
HF8 HS3
HR2 |
2S3M2 |
132/92 |
37/25 |
830 |
199 |
Trtd |
T4 |
TF6Sp
TS5Sp TR3
HF9Sp HS4Sp
HR2* |
2S3M2-155 |
132/92 |
37/25 |
830 |
199 |
Trtd |
T4 |
TF6Sp
TS5Sp TR3
HF9Sp HS4Sp
HR2* |
2S3M3 |
132/92 |
37/25 |
830 |
199 |
Trtd |
T4 |
TF6Sp
TS5Sp TR3
HF9Sp HS4Sp
HR2* |
Vehicles |
Fire Control |
Stabilization |
Armament |
Ammunition |
2S3 |
+1 |
Basic |
152mm L/27 2A33
Howitzer, PKT (C) |
35x152mm,
1500x7.62mm |
2S3M |
+1 |
Basic |
152mm L/30 2A33M
Howitzer, PKT (C) |
46x152mm,
1500x7.62mm |
2S3M1 |
+2 |
Fair |
152mm L/30 2A33M
Howitzer, PKT (C) |
46x152mm,
1500x7.62mm |
2S3M2 |
+3 |
Fair |
152mm L/39
2A33M2 Howitzer, PKT (C) |
46x152mm,
1500x7.62mm |
2S3M2-155 |
+3 |
Fair |
155mm L/39 M-385
Howitzer, PKT (C) |
46x155mm,
1500x7.62mm |
2S3M3 |
+3 |
Fair |
152mm L/39
2A33M3 Howitzer, PKT (C) |
46x155mm,
1500x7.62mm |
Uraltransmash 2S5 Giatsint-S
Notes:
This 152mm self-propelled howitzer has been in Russian service since
1972. It looks very much like a
smaller version of the SO-203, or for that matter, the US M-110.
It was developed at the same time as the 2A36 Giatsint-B towed 152mm
gun/howitzer. Currently, it is used
by Russia, Ethiopia, Belarus, and Ukraine (who inherited theirs from the Soviet
Army) and by Finland, the Soviet Union’s only customer of the 2S5.
This vehicle is known as the Telak 91 in Finnish service. The 2S5 is
notable in that it can fire 0.1-2 kT nuclear rounds.
Russian forces used the 2S5 in the First and Second Chechen Wars, and the
Ukrainian forces are currently using it in their war with the Russians.
The 152mm 2A37
howitzer (a variant of the
ground-mounted 2A36 field gun) is one of the first long-barreled 152mm howitzers
employed by the Russian Army. It is
capable of firing virtually any 152mm round in the Russian inventory, except for
some of the most up-to-date CLGPs.
The maximum depression is -2.5 degrees; maximum elevation is +58 degrees.
It is actually capable of direct fire and has a limited traverse of 15
degrees to each side; HEAT rounds were designed for the 2S5 and 2A36.
Elevation is relatively low at +58 degrees; depression is -2.5 degrees.
The gun does not have a full autoloader, but it does have a loading assist
device, including a lifting device to the breech and a power rammer.
The howitzer is mounted in an open position on the rear deck of the
vehicle; when firing, a spade is lowered in the rear and front to brace the
vehicle. The 2S5 can actually carry
the respectable amount of 30 rounds onboard for the howitzer, including fuzes
and charges. Secondary armament consists a light machinegun in an OHWS-type
mount; the commander can aim and fire (but not load) the machinegun with the
hatches closed. The aiming device is actually the same as used on the BM-21
MLRS, the D726-45 Mechanical Sight consisting of a PG-1M panorama and OPChM-91A
Optical Sight.
Nominally, the
2S5 has a crew of seven; however, only five ride in the 2S5 when traveling; the
other two ride in the ammunition supply truck and get on the gun when pulled
into a combat position. When
traveling, the vehicle commander is seated in a raised superstructure behind the
driver, and has a cupola with a machinegun and a white light/IR spotlight. The
driver is on the front right of the vehicle, in front of the commander’s
position. The other crewmembers are
seated in the rear of the vehicle when traveling and have a ramp in the rear
face. When the weapon is in action,
the gunner sits to the left of the gun, with a shield to his front only.
The driver and commander have IR vision blocks for their positions; the
commander’s position also has a searchlight, which can be operated with hatches
closed. Three minutes are required to
bring the gun into action, and three more to take the gun out of action. The gun
has a nominal fire rate of 5-6 rounds per minute.
Of course, crew
protection, especially when in firing position, is the 2S5’s weak point.
When in action, there is no protection
for any of the crewmembers, with the exception of the AV2 gun shield to the
front of the gunner. When
traveling, the four crewmembers inside have a maximum of 15mm of steel armor;
from some angles, small arms can penetrate the 2S5. (Of course, this is better
than the supply trucks…) The crew has an NBC overpressure system, but a
vehicular collective NBC system is essentially impossible to implement on such a
vehicle. There is a machinegun at
the commander’s hatch, and there are racks for an SA-14 SAM and an RPG-7 Rocket
Launcher.
The engine of
the 2S5 is the same
V-59 turbocharged diesel
as on the 2S3, developing 520 horsepower, coupled to a semi-automatic
transmission. There are shock
absorbers on the first two and last two roadwheels, leading to a reasonably
comfortable ride. The chassis is the Krug chassis, used for many medium and some
heavy antiaircraft missile systems.
The 2S5 has a manual transmission, though it has conventional controls.
The 2S5 is air-transportable, can be transported as a sling load under a
heavy-lift helicopter, and is air-droppable.
The 2S5M
The Russians
have recently been updating their 2S5s, replacing the analog and manual
electronics with a digital fire control suite, GLONASS land navigation system,
the Russian version of a Blue Force/Red Force tracker, and a vehicle state
computer. This results in a
complete electronics suite similar to that of the 2S3M2.
The electrical system has also been upgraded to handle the extra load,
new radios have been installed, and a 5-compartment fire detection and
suppression has been installed.
These upgraded vehicles are for the small amount of 2S5s still in the Russian
military as well as the export market.
Vehicle |
Price |
Fuel Type |
Load |
Veh Wt |
Crew |
Mnt |
Night Vision |
Radiological |
2S5 |
$492,078 |
D, A |
500 kg |
28.2 tons |
5 |
23 |
Passive IR (D, C), WL/IR Searchlight (C) |
Shielded** |
2S5M |
$1,098.594 |
D, A |
430 kg |
28.48 tons |
5 |
26 |
Passive IR (D, C), WL/IR Searchlight (C) |
Shielded** |
Vehicle |
Tr Mov |
Com Mov |
Fuel Cap |
Fuel Cons |
Config |
Susp |
Armor* |
2S5 |
134/94 |
37/26 |
400 |
193 |
Trtd |
T8 |
TF1 TS1
TR1 HF8
HS3 HR2 |
2S5M |
133/93 |
37/26 |
400 |
195 |
Trtd |
T8 |
TF1 TS1
TR1 HF8
HS3 HR2 |
Vehicle |
Fire Control |
Stabilization |
Armament |
Ammunition |
2S5 |
None |
None |
152mm 2A37 L/54 gun/howitzer, PKT (C) |
30x152mm, 1500x7.62mm |
2S5M |
+2 |
None |
152mm 2A37 L/54 gun/howitzer, PKT (C) |
30x152mm, 1500x7.62mm |
*The Turret AVs are for the gun itself.
The crew has no actual protection when on the gun, other than the
gunner’s gun shield.
**This protection, as well as the NBC Overpressure system, apply only when the
crew is inside the vehicle, if the crew is working the gun, they are not so
protected.
Notes:
This is the heaviest self-propelled howitzer employed by the Russian
Army. It is normally a front-level
asset, used for heavy bombardment of high-priority enemy fortified positions and
heavy enemy troop concentrations, and to support large attacks.
Since it was first identified by the West in 1975, it is also known as
the M1975. It is estimated that over 1000 have been built; most have been
retained by the Russian Army, but five former Soviet Republics and Slovakia
inherited the gun from the Russians or the former Czechoslovakian Army.
Slovakia is known to have only two, neither of which are in active
service, but kept in operational shape.
Poland formerly used the 2S7, but in 2006 they sold them back to the
Russians. The rest of the countries
that have them do not keep them in operational status, using them as museum
pieces or having scrapped them. The
Russians used some in the invasion of Afghanistan and is still using them in
their war in Ukraine; the Georgians used six of them against the Russians during
the war of 2008. (Interesting note
– these 2S7s were originally meant for the Russians to use against the
Georgians, but the Georgians captured them and their ammunition when they
entered the country on the railroad. They never gave them back after the war.)
Other countries which have them in active inventory include Angola,
Azerbaijan, North Korea, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan.
None have used them in actual warfare.
Belarus has 36 kept in working condition, but in reserve.
It is notable that, while marketed for a few years, it has not been seen
on the international marketplace in about a decade.
The 2S7 uses a
lengthened T-80 chassis as a base, with some components of the T-72 and some
components of the Krug chassis system.
An almost unarmored chassis; the purpose is to move the massive gun
around, and they were never expected to be anywhere the front lines.
Huge spades are lowered at the rear before the gun is raised into firing
position. The 2A44 203mm gun is
mounted on a turntable at the rear of the 2S7; the gun has a limited traverse of
15 degrees to each side. Maximum elevation is 60 degrees, while maximum
depression is 0 degrees. (Despite the minimum elevation, no provision has been
made to give the 2S7 direct-fire capability.)
The rounds are specialist rounds designed for the 2S7, and they include
nuclear rounds with yields of 0.1-2 kilotons. Only four rounds are carried on
the 2S7; the rest are carried on at least two heavy trucks for ammunition
supply. The four carried are for
immediate-response fire missions.
The crew is nominally 14, including ammunition bearers, but seven are carried on
those trucks, with the other seven carried in the ammo vehicles. (Often, only
one ammo truck is used, as the 2S7’s firepower is not often called upon.) A
trackway can be extended to the loader from the supply vehicles. The gun has an
elevating mechanism to the breech, a power rammer, and a mechanism to insert the
round into the breechway, ready for the rammer. Normal rate of fire is 1.5 per
minute, though this can be doubled, considering this hard work for that period.
5-6 minutes are required to make the 2S7 ready for action (assuming all
seven vehicle crewmembers work to do so), and 3-5 minutes are required for the
2S7 to come out of action and be ready to travel.
An interesting feature of the 2S7’s gun is a firing alarm – the blast and
noise of the gun actually produced a large amount of overpressure in the general
area, and troops in the area must take cover when each shot is fired.
(The alarm sounds five seconds before the shot until the shot is actually
fired.) The gun is equipped with a
loading assistance basket, but not a full autoloader, though it does have a
power rammer. The sights are essentially the same set as those of the 2S5.
Other weapons
normally carried by the 2S7 is a light machinegun, which can be placed on a
pintle at the commander’s position, but is not normally mounted.
An SA-16s are also carried in case of air attack, along with three
reloads; an RPG-7 is also normally carried in case of armor attack, along with
six reloads.
When the crew is
operating the howitzer, it does not have any protection from attack, and there
is no Kevlar shield set as there is on the similar US M-107 and M-110
self-propelled howitzers. The 2S7
is normally followed around by a variety of command and resupply vehicles; most
of these are heavy trucks or vehicles based on the MT-LB, PTS-M or PTS-2, or
AT-T, and these normally include one or two FDC vehicles and command vehicles.
It does have an NBC Overpressure system when the hatches are closed, but they
rely on individual masks when on the crew and firing the 2S7.
Electronics-wise, the 2S7 has two long-range, one medium-range, and one
short-range radio. A basic fire control gun-laying computer and a basic inertial
navigation with a mapping module.
Using a T-80 as
a base, the 2S7 used a gas turbine V-46-1 engine, developing 780 horsepower
(many of the improvements later carried out consisted solely of a change of the
engine with a turbocharged diesel developing the same horsepower, but taking up
less space. The 2S7 also carries an 18.6-kilowatt APU to power the systems when
the engine power is off. Fuel consumption of the engine is huge, making the APU
mandatory.
The 2S7M Mialka
Like most other
Russian self-propelled artillery vehicles, the Russians have in recent years
updated their 2S7s to the 2S7M standard.
The 2S7M has a new fire control suite, land navigation suite with GLONASS
receiver and an inertial navigation backup, fire control computers allowing it
to act as its own FDC (though there is still usually an actual PDC vehicle to
coordinate fires from a wide area and a variety of support sources), a BMS with
vehicle state computer, and a general laptop containing primarily firing tips
and procedures and technical information on the 2S7M and its associated
vehicles. However, the 2S7M also
has a full autoloader fed by an eight-round magazine, which increases the ROF to
2.5 rounds per minute. The 2S7M has
also been given an uprated version of the 2S7’s engine, the V-46-I, which
develops 840 horsepower and is turbocharged.
The new autoloader also means that the vehicle crew is reduced by one,
with the space occupied by former crewmember now occupied by the four more
rounds that the 2S7M carries onboard.
When firing, the assistant gunner usually stays in the vehicle, managing
the fire control computers and associated radios; in addition, the commander
usually stays inside the vehicle managing the radios and fire orders and
assisting with the computers.
Twilight 2000
Notes: Though the 2S7 is capable of firing nuclear weapons, and there were a few
recorded incidents of this being done during the Twilight War, Russian
commanders were either loathe doing that (as some of the thermal, radiation, and
fallout effects could engulf the gun position) or did not have many of them.
Merc 2000 Notes:
The size and expense of operating the Pion meant that it was rarely used.
Vehicle |
Price |
Fuel Type |
Load |
Veh Wt |
Crew |
Mnt |
Night Vision |
Radiological** |
2S7 Pion |
$593,596 |
D, A |
500 kg |
46.5 tons |
7 |
37 |
Passive IR (D,
C), WL Spotlight (C) |
Shielded |
2S7M Mialka |
$1,569,845 |
D, A |
469 kg |
46.63 tons |
6 |
26 |
Passive IR (D,
C), WL Spotlight (C) |
Shielded |
Vehicle |
Tr
Mov |
Com Mov |
Fuel Cap |
Fuel Cons |
Config |
Susp |
Armor |
2S7 Pion |
124/87 |
34/24 |
500 |
231 |
Trtd |
T6 |
TF2
TS1 TR1
HF4 HS3
HR2 |
2S7M Mialka |
131/92 |
36/25 |
500 |
311 |
Trtd |
T6 |
TF2
TS1 TR1
HF4 HS3
HR2 |
Vehicle |
Fire Control |
Stabilization |
Armament |
Ammunition |
2S7 Pion |
None |
None |
203mm L/56.2
2A44 Howitzer, PK, SA-16, RPG-7 |
4x203mm,
1500x7.62mm, 3xSA-16 SAMs, 6xRPG-7 Rockets |
2S7M Mialka |
+2 |
None |
203mm L/56.2
2A44 Howitzer, PK, SA-16, RPG-7 |
8x203mm,
1500x7.62mm, 3xSA-16 SAMs, 6xRPG-7 Rockets |
*The Turret AVs are for the gun itself. The
crew has no actual protection when on the gun, other than the gunner’s gun
shield.
**The crew has complete NBC protection when in the vehicle, including NBC
Overpressure. When they are manning
the gun, they have none of the protection the vehicle affords.
Uraltransmash 2S19 Msta-S
Notes:
This replacement for the SO-152 was first seen in 1989 in Russia, and is
perhaps the first Russian SP artillery piece that is not named after a flower
(Msta is the name of a river in Western Russia, popular with fishers and
vacationers). Operators consist
primarily of Russia and former Russian Republics, along with Ethiopia,
Venezuela, and Morocco. (Morocco
attempted to buy these vehicles “on the sly;” though the sale was found out, how
many Morocco bought is unknown.) Though development of the 2S19 began in 1980
under the project name Ferma (as Ob’yekt 316), new developments in military
vehicle design and ordnance led to continual upgrades, and production did not
begin until 1989. The 2S19 was used
in combat in the Second Chechen War, and continues to be used by both sides in
Russia’s incursion into Ukraine.
The 2S19 is
based on the combined chassis of the T-80 and T-72; it has a version of the
T-80’s hull, but the latest T-72’s engine. Armor is considerably lessened, but
as SP artillery units generally stay out of combat, this is accessible.
The armor of the 2S19 is, however, much better than most SP artillery of
its generation. The howitzer’s nomenclature is the 2A64, and is essentially an
SP version of the Msta-B ground-mounted howitzer.
Before firing, a dozer blade may be lowered to stabilize the vehicle;
this blade can also dig emplacements.
The gun can be fired without this stabilization, but the rocking of the
2S19 can become quite severe, possibly causing crew injury.
The gun is capable of firing all known 152mm ordnance, including
specialist rounds like the Krasnopol CLGP (and the Krasnopol-M, which fits in
the autoloader), as well as tactical nuclear rounds. Elevation maximum is +68,
with a depression maximum of -4 degrees.
In a nod to this, a minimum of two HEAT rounds for the main gun are
carried. The howitzer has a fume extractor.
The 2S19 has a
semi-automatic gun laying system; once the crew knows the target’s position and
its own position, it can fire further fire missions on the same target or
targets within 2 kilometers without further input from an FDC.
The gun has an autoloader which feeds from six five-round magazines in
the rear of the turret. A further
20 rounds are carried in various areas around the turret and towards the back of
the vehicle; these normally carry unusual or little-used types of ammunition or
rounds that are not the right size to fit into one of the autoloader magazines.
Nominal rate of sustained fire is 6-8 rounds per minute; this rate can be
doubled for up to 10 minutes, with each member of the crew tiring as if heavy
work was performed. The 2S19 has an
inertial navigation system, but not with a fully-computerized navigation/mapping
module, It does carry several long-range and medium-range data-capable radios.
The engine used,
as stated above, is a version of one used on a variant of the T-72. The engine
is a V46-6 turbocharged diesel, developing 780 horsepower; it has an automatic
transmission and conventional driving controls. The 2S19 can lay a smoke screen
by injecting diesel fuel into its exhaust. The engine is a multifuel engine,
capable of running on diesel, gasoline, alcohol, AvGas, JP4, JP5, and JP8. The
2S19 is not amphibious, but is capable of deep-fording (basically up to the just
below the hatchway of the driver).
A 16 kW APU is installed for operation with the engine switched off; this runs
off of vehicle fuel tanks and can use the same fuels as the 2S19 (assuming the
proper modifications have been made.
Appearance is
basically similar to other SP artillery vehicles of its generation, with a very
large turret and relatively small hull. When in an emplaced position, the
resupply vehicles will generally bring out extra personnel for loading and
handling ammunition, and trackways and conveyor belts are also normally carried
by resupply vehicles. Resupply can be done through the rear of the turret or the
back door in the hull (also for crew ingress and egress).
The driver sits
in the front left, with the large turret in the center of the vehicle.
The gunner is on the left side of the turret and the commander on the
right. The commander has a heavy
machinegun mount by his hatch that may be aimed and fired from within the
vehicle. Ammunition for this gun is
extremely limited, and it is primarily a defensive weapon.
The crew has an NBC Overpressure system with a vehicular NBC backup. The
2S19 also has a 16kW auxiliary power unit that allows the vehicle's radios and
gun mechanisms to be powered without running the engine.
The 2S19M1
Introduced in
the early 1990s, the 2S19M1 had an upgraded electrical system as well as a
GLONASS system (with the inertial navigation kept as a backup) and a full land
navigation and mapping computer. It
also has fully-automatic gun laying, and no longer requires the use of an FDC
(though one is often used for full coordination with other units and support
vehicles and aircraft). The gun was
also rebarreled to L/54. The 2S19M1
has been re-engined with a V-84A turbocharged diesel developing 840 horsepower
(though the same APU was kept).
The 2S19M1-155
As might be
surmised from the designation, this export model, introduced to the
international marketplace in 2006, is equipped with a modified M-835 155mm gun
with a barrel length of L/52. The Russians will fit Western fire control,
computers, and GPS to the vehicle as desired.
Otherwise, only the changes necessary to use the 155mm gun and ammunition
have been made to the vehicle and its electronics. Thusfar, no sales have been
made.
The 2S19M2
Introduced in
2013, the 2S19M2 is a marked improvement to the 2S19M1, having a new digital
fire control system which increases ROF to 8-9 rounds per minute, or double that
for short bursts. The land
navigation system has been improved with a more agile computer, allowing
navigation to be computed on the fly at top cross-country speed. This
improvement also speeds up coordinate input time, reducing the preparation to
fire time by 30 seconds. There is the equivalent of a laptop computer,
containing manuals, technical orders on the 2S19M2 and associated vehicles, as
well as the rounds the gun uses, and is linked to the radios so that it can
receive maps, plans, OPORDs, etc. – Essentially the equivalent of a BMS with
vehicle state computers.
The 2S33 Msta-SM2
This version is
just getting into Russian service, entering LRIP in 2017, and with an uncertain
future due to budgetary concerns; in 2016, the Russian Army ordered an initial
batch of 30, but they have received only half of these as of late 2018.
The main gun has been replaced by a version called the 2A79, which can
fire ammunition with more propellant charges and with a higher breech pressure,
allowing for markedly-increased maximum ranges, such as the base rounds having a
range of 40 kilometers versus the 25-kilometer range of the earlier 2S19
versions. Assisting in this is a
longer main gun, which also uses a heavier barrel with a more-efficient fume
extractor. The turret also has more
efficient ventilators as well as an air conditioning system.
Additional attention is given to top-attack and mine/IED attacks.
The 2S30 Iset
I have not been
able to find out enough about this version to develop stats for it; as of late
2018 it is still in the preliminary stages of development.
Improvements are said to center around more efficient computers and a
higher level of automation. Some
sources state that both domestic and export versions are being designed, the
latter with 155mm guns. There are no stats below, and the entry is only here for
completeness.
Vehicle |
Price |
Fuel Type |
Load |
Veh Wt |
Crew |
Mnt |
Night Vision |
Radiological |
2S19 Msta-S |
$874,752 |
D, G, AvGas, A, Jet Fuel |
500 kg |
42 tons |
5 |
25 |
Passive IR (D, G, C), Image Intensification (G, C), Thermal Imaging (C) |
Shielded |
2S19M1 Msta-S |
$1,098,807 |
D, A |
540 kg |
42.24 tons |
5 |
26 |
Passive IR (D, G, C), Image Intensification (G, C), Thermal Imaging (C) |
Shielded |
2S19M1-155 Msta-S |
$1,119,247 |
D, A |
502 kg |
42.39 tons |
5 |
27 |
Passive IR (D, G, C), Image Intensification (G, C), Thermal Imaging (C) |
Shielded |
2S19M2 Msta-S |
$1,489,024 |
D, A |
539 kg |
42.25 tons |
5 |
23 |
Passive IR (G, C), Image Intensification (D, G, C), Thermal Imaging (G),
FLIR (C) |
Shielded |
2S33 Msta-SM2 |
$1,595,788 |
D, A |
422 kg |
42.72 tons |
5 |
25 |
Passive IR (G, C), Image Intensification (D, G, C), Thermal Imaging (G),
FLIR (C) |
Shielded |
Vehicle |
Tr Mov |
Com Mov |
Fuel Cap |
Fuel Cons |
Config |
Susp |
Armor |
2S19 Msta-S |
134/94 |
37/26 |
1000 |
289 |
Trtd |
T6 |
TF19Sp TS10
TR8 HF24Sp
HS8Sp HR6 |
2S19M1 Msta-S |
142/99 |
39/28 |
1000 |
312 |
Trtd |
T6 |
TF19Sp TS10
TR8 HF24Sp
HS8Sp HR6 |
2S19M1-155 Msta-S |
141/99 |
39/28 |
1000 |
313 |
Trtd |
T6 |
TF19Sp TS10
TR8 HF24Sp
HS8Sp HR6 |
2S19M2 Msta-S |
142/99 |
39/28 |
1000 |
312 |
Trtd |
T6 |
TF19Sp TS10
TR8 HF24Sp
HS8Sp HR6 |
2S33 Msta-SM2 |
140/98 |
39/28 |
1000 |
315 |
Trtd |
T6 |
TF19Sp TS10
TR8 HF24Sp
HS8Sp HR6* |
Vehicle |
Fire Control |
Stabilization |
Armament |
Ammunition |
2S19 Msta-S |
+2 |
Basic |
152mm L/47 2A64 gun/howitzer, NSVT (C) |
50x152mm, 300x12.7mm |
2S19M1/M2 Msta-S |
+2 |
Basic |
152mm L/54 2A64M gun/howitzer, NSVT (C) |
50x152mm, 300x12.7mm |
2S19M1-155 Msta-S |
+2 |
Basic |
155mm M-835M howitzer, NSVT (C) |
50x155mm, 300x12.7mm |
2S33 Msta-SM2 |
+2 |
Fair |
152mm L/60 2A79 gun/howitzer, NSVT (C) |
50x152mm, 300x12.7mm |
*Turret Roof AV is 5Sp. Hull Roof
AV is 5. Hull Floor AV is 6Sp.
Uraltransmash 2S35
Koalitsiya-SV
Notes: The 2S35
was first seen in rehearsals for the 2015 Moscow Victory Day Parade.
Despite this, the 2S35 is still in the preliminary stages of development,
and specifications seem to change every few months.
Meant to be a partial replacement for the 2S19 and earlier vehicles, the
2S35 is not hitting the chronic Russian budgetary problems, and in any event is
not expected to be in even LRIP until 2020.
Thus, only 12 have been delivered to Russian forces as of 2018. For the
most part, the design is said to be revolutionary, using a modification of the
2S19’s turret on the chassis of a T-90 or T-14.
(And crazier ideas were also tried out…)
Current design work appears to center around the T-90 chassis topped with
a greatly-enlarged 2S19 turret, possibly with a T-14 engine and transmission.
In addition, a special resupply vehicle is also believed to be in design.
The 2S35 is
probably equivalent to the 2S30 Iset in conception – a highly-automated,
digitized, and computerized self-propelled artillery gun.
It appears to have taken several design cues from the defunct US Crusader
SPH program, as the crew are seated on the front deck ahead of the turret in
self-contained armored capsules, each with NBC Overpressure systems, space for
rations and a ration heater, a small refrigerated water tun, and an amount of
personal gear. Other spaces in the
hull contain bulkier personal gear for the crew, and there is a tunnel to allow
crewmembers to go to the turret and service the gun, though fire missions
themselves are done from within the crew capsules.
Each crew capsule has its own fire detection and suppression system, as
well as NBC Overpressure system.
Both the gunner and commander have full gun firing controls, though in practice
this job is normally split between the two or done solely by the gunner.
There is an RWS atop the turret mounting a Kord heavy machinegun; this is
fed by a single long belt, has automatic jam clearing (under most circumstances)
and is otherwise aimed and fired from the commander’s, gunner’s, or driver’s
positions, though normally the commander controls this RWS.
The crew can also enter the turret, and there is space and positions for
them to fight from the turret if necessary.
Armor is somewhat heavier than on a 2S19, the in addition to the crew
fire detection and suppression systems, there are such systems for the engine,
transmission, engine, fuel cells, and two in the turret (concentrating on the
gun and ammunition magazines). Just
to be sure, the 2S35 has five smoke grenade launchers on each side of the
turret, and it can lay a thick, oily smoke screen by injecting diesel into its
exhaust.
The 2S35
essentially has a version of the 2S33’s electronics, fire control, BMS, and
vehicle state suites, but on steroids.
They are designed to operate completely remotely, though they have
backups in the turret. The
commander and the gunner have full fire control systems as well as the BMS,
vehicle state, and gun state computers.
All three crewmembers have full access to the radios, as well as the
navigation computers. The commander
also has access to a small computer with everything from technical manuals on
the 2S35 to specifications on the ammunition and computer systems.
The driver actually has enhanced access to the navigation suite, giving
information on the navigation parts of the BMS, full navigation with waypoints,
friendly fuel and replenishment positions, and projected range with available
vehicle fuel onboard. The crew does
not have to leave the vehicle if outside troops are available to replenish
supplies and ammunition, as they are brought in through hatches in the rear of
the hull and turret. The crew has a
full night vision and long-range day vision suite, including access to sensors
in the turret and a backup camera for the driver.
The gun, the
2A88, is fed by several autoloaders, and they are able to feed both normal and
special rounds. A new GPS-guided
round is said to have been developed for the 2A88, which has a range of 70
kilometers. The gun has a fire rate
of 8 rounds per minute; increasing the rate of fire by doughty work of the crew
is not possible, though MRSI fire is possible and an initial barrage of five
rounds in ten seconds is also possible if the target coordinates are known when
the 2S35 has come to a stop. In a
normal barrage, two bracing struts are lowered at the rear of the vehicle,
though again those first five rounds may be fired without the struts.
The 2A88 is fed from fourteen 5-round magazines, with the autoloader also
loading the charges. The fuzes are
affixed when the round is loaded, but electronically programmed by the fire
control computers before firing.
The charges are ignited by an electrical system instead of a conventional primer
system.
The chassis is a
modified form of that of the parent vehicle; Current 2S35s use the chassis of a
T-90, with the primary modifications being to the electrical system and to the
front of the hull to accommodate and protect the crew.
Currently, the 2S35 gets ammunition replenishment from an 8x8 military
truck chassis, modified for the purpose.
A special reload vehicle is said to be in development, which will be used
for the 2S35 and 2S19. The 2S35 has a self-entrenching blade at the front, which
can also be used as a secondary stabilizing device during long bombardments. The
entrenching blade can dig a hull-down position in 12-40 minutes, depending upon
the terrain surface.
The T-90 chassis
is powered by a 1000-horsepower turbocharged diesel engine, an upgraded version
of the V-84MS engine used in the T-90.
It is equipped with more shock absorbers than the standard T-90, to
better allow the 2S35 to compute fire solutions on the move.
The vehicle is equipped with a conventional driver control setup, with
“T-Bar” directional control column instead of a steering wheel.
The transmission is automatic with a manual backup, and the 2S35 has
power steering and power brakes, as well as a power-assisted gear shifter (all
of which have manual backups). The
driver in in the middle of the front hull in front of the turret, with the
commander to the right and gunner to the left.
Only the commander and gunner have hatches; the driver works his way out
of the driver’s or gunner’s hatch.
In addition, there are two hatches in the turret roof (if occupied, normally by
the commander and gunner), and the hatches in the hull and chassis rear, many
for replenishment. Up to four conveyor belts may fitted to the 2S35 (two to the
turret and two to the hull; in the case of external replenishment of ammunition,
two loaders work to place the special fuzes on the rounds, put the rounds into
the correct magazines, and put the charges in the right place for the autoloader
to use them. For operation without
the engine on, a 20kW APU is fitted in the lower right rear of the turret.
This runs off the vehicular supply of diesel.
The hull and
turret can mount Kontakt-5 ERA, on the hull front, hull sides, and all sides of
the turret as well as the front half of the turret roof.
The turret roof also mounts the Arena Active Protection System, which
defends against incoming rounds. As
stated above, the crew capsules and turret have an NBC Overpressure system, as
well as vehicular NBC backup to plug into.
The crew capsules and turret also have air conditioning and heating.
The 2S35-155
Koalitsiya-SV
This is an
export model armed with a 155mm L/52 howitzer, said to be derived from the
design of one or more NATO countries, but domestically-produced without license.
Other than the changes required to convert the 2S35 to fire 155mm rounds
(primarily in the fire control software, magazines, and autoloader), it is
identical to the standard 2S35.
The 2S35M – A Koalitsiya
on a T-14 Armata chassis
“2S35M” is not
an official designation for this possible version of the 2S35; it is my own
estimate as to what the vehicle would be called, and the game references to it.
Whether this version will ever built is in question; the Russians have
enough of a budgetary problem introducing the T-14 Armata tank and to a greater
extent, it’s subtypes, and whether a 2S35 on a T-14 chassis is a serious
question. So far, as of late 2018,
only one prototype has been built, and the Russian Military budget even limits
the amount of testing that may be conducted with this prototype, as all new
artillery efforts are based in the standard 2S35 and the T-14 tank,
respectively. The main difference
between the T-90-based 2S35 and the T-14-based 2S35M would be the better armor
protection in the hull and a slightly greater weight, as the T-14’s hull is
slightly heavier than the T-90’s hull.
The front of the hull of the 2S35M mimics the crew capsules of the T-14.
The vehicle would also be faster and more agile, as the standard T-14
engine is much more powerful.
The Original
Prototypical 2S35
Russia displayed
a totally different vehicle prototype in 2006, also called the 2S35 at the time.
This vehicle is sort of an upgraded 2S19 with some components of the 2S19
and the then-later 2S35; much of the fire control, navigation, BMS, vehicle
state computers, and OWS are the same as on the 2S35.
However, this original 2S35 was fitted with a pair of 152mm 2A64M
howitzers, which could be singly or two at a time.
The modified 2S19 was equipped with nine 5-round magazines and bins
holding 15 more special-use rounds to be loaded manually.
The buffering of the guns when fired takes up much of the recoil, yet
recoil was still considered excessive.
The crew is housed in the turret and hull; it does not have the crew
capsules of the later “real” 2S35s.
Fire control software is updated to allow for the firing of two howitzers.
If one gun fails, the autoloader can use the ammunition magazines
allotted to the other howitzer. The
guns did not fire at once; the firing is staggered by a few seconds to reduce
system heat and turret fumes. The
guns can be depressed enough to allow direct fire; in such a case, one rounds
hits (if a hit is rolled), and the other shot will hit within a circle 1d6
meters wide. In the end, it was decided that the kinks could not be worked out
of the system in any reasonable period of time.
Another problem is tactical – if this kind of 2S35 is destroyed, two
howitzers have been taken out, while with a single-howitzer system, only one gun
is destroyed. Again, in the case of malfunctions, they will affect only one gun
on a single-gunned SP howitzer instead of two.
Finally, it was not believed that a double-gun system would sell well on
the international arms market.
The 2S35-1
Koalitsiya-KSh – 2S35 on a budget
The 2S35-1
truck-mounted Koalitsiya system was designed not only for lighter Russian
independent brigades and divisions, but for export customers who want a
world-leading artillery system, but can’t afford the full 2S35.
The 2S35-1 uses the same 2A88 howitzer of the 2S35, along with most of
the electronics, fire control, and navigation package, inside a reduced-size and
reduced-armor turret and on an armored version of an 8x8 military truck. (The
Russians will be flexible for export customers about the truck on which it will
mount the turret, but the current version is based on the KamAZ-6560).
The turret keeps the basic form and internal configuration of the 2S35’s
turret, including the autoloading system and replenishment system, But the size
of the turret has been made smaller, primarily by reducing the amount of
ammunition carried to 12 magazines of five rounds and to a smaller extent,
rearrangement of internal equipment.
The gun system is, however, able to conduct all fire missions that can be
done with the 2S35, and has all the internal equipment of the 2A88 system.
The cab of the
KamAZ truck has an enlarged cab containing the crew and the fire control system.
The cab is also equipped with several data-capable radios.
The cab is equipped with a vehicle state computer and a land navigation
system, though not the BMS system of the 2S35.
Maximum rate of fire remains about 8 rounds per minute.
The 2S35-1 can be ready to dire within
90 seconds of a halt (if the target position is known before the halt and the
gun may begin to slew into place before the truck is halted); in that time, the
gun is laid on target, the autoloaders have indexed a magazine and loaded the
first round, and struts have been lowered at each corner of the truck.
The gun can similarly be out of action and ready to travel in the same 90
seconds. The crew does not have to
leave the cab to conduct a fire mission, though if necessary, a fire mission can
be conducted from within the turret.
Normally, the driver and commander sit in the front of the vehicle, while
the gunner is in the rear of the cab.
The cab is
armored against even medium-caliber rifle bullets (such as those fired by most
snipers) as well as shell splinters.
The cab (and the turret) are equipped with an NBC Overpressure system as
well as a vehicular NBC backup. The cab and the turret are also
radiologically-protected. The cab
doors are heavy enough that they require a hydraulic assist to allow the crew to
open them. The windows are some 12
centimeters thick, and have the same armor value as the face they are in.
The side windows cannot be rolled down.
The KamAZ-6560
is a long-bed truck with four wheels on the front and four wheels on the rear.
The engine used on the 2S35-1 is a KamAZ-740 35-400, a turbocharged
diesel capable of 400 horsepower.
The front bumper has a self-recovery winch with 200 meters of cable and a pull
strength of 40 tons. The tires are run-flats and are puncture-resistant, and
have central tire inflation.
Vehicle |
Price |
Fuel Type |
Load |
Veh Wt |
Crew |
Mnt |
Night Vision |
Radiological |
2S35 Koalitsiya-SV |
$1,854,267 |
D, A |
500 kg |
55 tons |
3 |
31 |
Passive IR (G, C), 2nd Gen Image Intensification (D, G, C),
FLIR (G, C), Backup CCD Day/Night Camera (D) |
Shielded |
2S35-155 Koalitsiya-SV |
$1,882,083 |
D, A |
455 kg |
55.19 tons |
3 |
29 |
Passive IR (G, C), 2nd Gen Image Intensification (D, G, C),
FLIR (G, C), Backup CCD Day/Night Camera (D) |
Shielded |
2S35M Koalitsiya-SV |
$1,870,617 |
D, A |
600 kg |
58 tons |
3 |
41 |
Passive IR (G, C), 2nd Gen Image Intensification (D, G, C),
FLIR (G, C), Backup CCD Day/Night Camera (D) |
Shielded |
2S35 (Original Prototype) |
$1,517,038 |
D, A |
349 kg |
43.01 tons |
4 |
26 |
Passive IR (G, C), Image Intensification (D, G, C), Thermal Imaging (G),
FLIR (C) |
Shielded |
2S35-1 Koalitsiya-KSh |
$1,450,907 |
D, A |
422 kg |
35 tons |
3 |
19 |
Passive IR (G, C), 2nd Gen Image Intensification (D, G),
Thermal Imaging (G, C), Backup CCD Day/Night Camera (D) |
Shielded |
Vehicle |
Tr Mov |
Com Mov |
Fuel Cap |
Fuel Cons |
Config |
Susp |
Armor |
2S35 Koalitsiya-SV |
132/93 |
37/26 |
1200 |
373 |
Trtd |
T6 |
TF35Sp
TS15Sp TR10
HF45Cp HS15Sp
HR12* |
2S35-155 Koalitsiya-SV |
132/93 |
37/26 |
1200 |
374 |
Trtd |
T6 |
TF35Sp
TS15Sp TR10
HF45Cp HS15Sp
HR12* |
2S35M Koalitsiya-SV |
146/103 |
41/28 |
1200 |
446 |
Trtd |
T6 |
TF35Sp
TS15Sp TR10
HF55Cp HS20Sp
HR14** |
2S35 (Original Prototype) |
140/98 |
39/27 |
1000 |
312 |
Trtd |
T6 |
TF19Sp TS10
TR8 HF24Sp
HS8Sp HR6*** |
2S35-1 Koalitsiya-KSh |
94/66 |
26/18 |
550 |
147 |
Trtd |
W(5) |
TF20Sp TS10Sp
TR6 HF5Sp
HS4Sp HR4**** |
Vehicle |
Fire Control |
Stabilization |
Armament |
Ammunition |
2S35 Koalitsiya-SV |
+2 |
Fair |
152mm L/54 2A88 gun/howitzer, Kord (RWS) |
70x152mm, 1500x12.7mm |
2S35-155 Koalitsiya-SV |
+2 |
Basic |
155mm L/52 M-835M howitzer, Kord (RWS) |
70x152mm, 1500x12.7mm |
2S35M Koalitsiya-SV |
+2 |
Basic |
152mm L/54 2A88 gun/howitzer, Kord (RWS) |
70x152mm, 1500x12.7mm |
2S35 (Original Prototype) |
+2 |
Fair |
2x152mm L/60 2A79 gun/howitzer, NSVT (C) |
50x152mm, 300x12.7mm |
2S35-1 Koalitsiya-KSh |
+2 |
None |
152mm L/54 2A88 gun/howitzer, Kord (RWS) |
60x152mm, 1500x12.7mm |
*Hull and turret Roof AV is 7.
Floor AV is 7Sp.
**Hull Roof AV is 8Sp. Turret Roof
AV is 7. Floor AV is 8Sp.
***Turret Roof AV is 5Sp. Hull Roof
AV is 5. Hull Floor AV is 6Sp.
****Cab Roof AV is 4. Turret Roof
AV is 7. Floor AV is 4Sp, except
under the cab, where it is 5Sp.